SET, ALTER DATABASE … SET, or postgresql.conf). Defaults are tuned for good performance, and you usually do not need to change them.
Debug settings
Thetin.debug_* settings are for debugging and testing TIN, not for production use. Each one forces a planning choice the cost model would otherwise make, so that an alternative plan can be measured. They never change query results, and a query shape that would be incorrect is still refused. All of them are session-level (SET) and default to following the cost model.

